Which entity must inspect and authorize the lawful entry of an alien into the U.S.?

The responsibility for inspecting and authorizing the lawful entry of an alien into the United States falls to U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP). As the federal agency within the Department of Homeland Security, CBP is tasked with enforcing immigration laws at ports of entry. This includes the examination of individuals entering the U.S. to ensure they meet the necessary legal requirements for entry, such as having the appropriate visas and documentation.

CBP officers assess immigrants and determine their admissibility, deciding if they may enter or are required to be denied entry based on immigration laws. This critical role is foundational in maintaining national security and regulating the flow of individuals entering the country. Other entities like the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), the Department of State, and the Department of Labor have important roles in immigration but are focused on different aspects. The FBI deals with national security and law enforcement; the Department of State supervises foreign relations and the issuance of visas; and the Department of Labor manages employment-related matters. None of these agencies perform the direct inspections and authorizations required for entry into the U.S. like CBP does.